thanx for working out the details for me eddie. been busy for most of the day. only about half of this formula pertains to shooting parallel wooden shafts. unfortunately, not much at all to carbons since carbons are designed to be shot through center cut bows.
dana, as to limb shape, the more the tips are in front of the grip, the more force/pound they will impart to the arrow. to see this, look at a force/draw curve. to compensate for this, you need to raise the spine. as to head weight, there is no escaping the physics. base spine is calculated at 28" shafts with 125gr heads. the more weight up front, the more force is applied to the shaft to move it. this has to be balanced to take advantage of archer's paradox. too much weight up front and not enough spine will make the arrow fly right while recovering. not enough weight up front and the arrow flies left.
jack, the taper has to be eyeballed. say if the point rivercane is 3/8" and tapers to 1/4" nock, then subtract 8-10#. tonkin tapers very little so maybe 3-5#.
i know a lot of people say all this takes some of the fun/mystery out of "primitive archery." i have enough mystery as to why my arrows only hit were i aim half the time. i don't need to be wondering if its my arrows or me. i've also heard that the indians didn't do all of this when they made arrows, but i guarantee they did, just not with numbers. if you are depending on making a living with arrows, you wouldn't want any mystery involved. i hope all this help clear up spine calculating. if ya'll have any more questions, fire away.